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Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators

Posted on 26 August 1998

The following text was written by S.T.L.:

Let's see, it's late at night (or really early in the morning), and I'm reading Wired (a good magazine). September 98, pg 212, if anyone's interested. Nicholas Negroponte writes:

"But the potential for very low cost computers is wildly more than we have made of it. Why? Because inexpensive computing is a crummy business. [description of low profit margins, etc] US companies just do not know how to tackle the low end. And by 'low end' I don't mean the much vaunted sub-$1000 computer - I mean PCs that cost less than $100."

I argue here that Intel, and the other big chipmakers, are good at the very high end (can't wait for the Merced to arrive), but their attempts at "Network PCs" and (for example) the Intel Celeron, are laughable. Thus we shouldn't expect very low end computers to come from them. I say that the "PCs that cost less than $100" that Negroponte speaks of are ALREADY HERE, in the form of TI calculators. Just as with PCs that range from $2000 to $5000, one can pay less than $100 for a low-end TI (like an 81), pay $100 for a TI-85 (good general purpose calc) or splurge and get a $200 TI-92. Or $275 TI-92+.

Calculators used to be very simple. Add 2 and 2, please. They were electronic abaci. Nowadays, I would say that the TI calculators aren't abaci anymore, they are small computers in their own right. This isn't like saying a car is a computer, because it contains microprocessors. TIs (my experience is with the 85 and the 92) can do most anything an Apple computer can do (the old ones), and sometimes faster. PDAs will never be successful until they can act as a universal computer. I also would say that TIs and their decendants may replace PDAs as the small electronic devices of choice. I take notes on my TI-85 when I don't want to remember something. And small videogame systems, like the old 8-bit Game Boy. For example:
In the "olden days", someone could get an Apple to do math for them. TIs do this much better, and they fit in your pocket. (Well, large pockets.) In the "olden days", someone could take notes on a PDA. TIs do this, and more. In the "olden days", someone could play games on a Game Boy. TIs have a wealth of (mostly free) games.
And like a PC, they can connect to a large network of new programs (via a PC), and communicate directly with one other TI. (Like a modem-modem connection.) And remember - this was all done WITHOUT Texas Instruments really intending this to happen. The first assembly shells exploited loopholes that let them get to the core of the processor. Texas Instruments saw how people loved the computing capabilities this gave them, and then put assembly support into the 86 and others. The low-end future of computing is probably within TI's reach, if it can keep costs under (say) $300 max, and be even MORE versatile than the current TIs. If anything, the history of computing shows that *open architecture is the road to success*. IBM let everyone clone their computers and make OSes for it. Apple was hissy and only allowed itself to build their computers and write OSes. (Allowing cloning a decade later didn't help any). Result: you're probably reading this on a system that is IBM-compatible. Even more so: the current success of the "Wintel" systems is because Microsoft made a shell for MS-DOS that made it friendly, and powerful.

Texas Instruments probably planned to just make a calculator when it made (say) the TI-85. Yet because it left a loophole, people made shells, and OSes for it, and programs. And they did all that for NO pay at all. Just people hacking up programs in their free time. TI didn't even make it convenient to exploit that loophole, and yet the various assembler shells have large bases of support. (How large, I don't know). As processor costs go down, Texas Instruments will be able to either reduce the price of their calculators, or add new features. Weasels have developed memory expanders and figured out ways to get TI-85s to make sounds. And that's just with one link port. Imagine a TI-X that had the following features:

  • 1 MB user RAM, 3 MB archive RAM
  • 20 MHz processor
  • Headphones port
  • Calc/PC Link port
  • Calc/Calc Link port
  • Memory Expander port
And perhaps an extra port, for future devices such as IR links, pads that could allow handwriting recognition, etc. I don't believe the name "calculator" would apply to such a device, it would truly be a low-end computer. The interesting thing is, (except for the increased on-calculator storage and processor speed), all these things are here already in the TI calculators: more ports would just make it more convenient. Right now, the TI port functions as the sole "extra port for future devices", and it wasn't really intended as such.

My opinion is, that Texas Instruments should also finally ACKNOWLEDGE that TI calculators can do other things than calculate, and in future TIs make it easier for people to add features to TIs. Look what's happened so far. What's your opinion?

  Reply to this item

Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Harper Maddox
(Web Page)

As much as I would like for Ti's to become "low end computers", I still know that they will never be. As was said before on this page, this marketing strategy goes completely against the image of texas instruments. No parent wants to purchase their child a system in which the child will squander his education with video games. The whole reason I started with Ti Calculators is because of their innocence. A teacher won't know whether you are working that problem or trying to beat your friends high score at Ztetris. If you want better, buy a gameboy... but im sure the teacher won't allow you to play it while she explains mathematics.
Im all for the idea of fully exploiting a Ti calculator though. Finally we have the system available that ive been looking for. The Ti-89, with the inconspicous look of an 8x, but with the power of the 92+(albeit geometry, which i dont find useful) So, as was said earlier I think its a fantastic challenge for us programmers to develop this machine (not just in gaming) but with brilliant applications.
Thanks

Reply to this comment    26 August 1998, 16:16 GMT


Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
S.T.L.

*sigh* Give up the gaming. I hardly talked about it. Any parent, I believe, would love to purchase a $100 (or $200) general computer.

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 02:51 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Paul DeLeeuw

I beleive that the idea of Mr. S.T.L.'s article was to move the TI away from the Calc market altogether. He wasn't saying make low end computers for the classroom, because no teacher would allow it. He was saying GENERAL PURPOSE, as in to replace PDA's etc. I think what Ti's do very well now is prove the power of long-past Z80 and 68k processors when good programmers are present. Lets face it - Games aren't office apps but they suck power like the mothers they are. A real computer could be made from, say, a 20 MHz 68030. Now maybe that could be taken seriously.

Reply to this comment    28 August 1998, 17:51 GMT

Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Nicholas Clark

Oi! You are getting weird! did it ever occur to you that the heatsinks and fans alone for a 20mhz processer wouldn't fit inside or the calculator case? or that the expander, speakers, calc/calc, and calc/PC all use ONE port? who would write the software for the Expander, when it needs a different COM port. TI? I don't think so. They don't know how. besides, as with what happened with PCs, would so with calculators. You seem to think you could fit lots of apps/games into 3 megs. Did it ever occurto you that with more space, people would write bigger programs? or that if Texas Instuments ever did make this, that they might sell it as a PDA, and not a calculator, thus making you buy the software too?

Reply to this comment    26 August 1998, 18:25 GMT

Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
me

Isn't Ti working with 3rd party companies to make software for the 89? You would have to pay for that. It starts already...

Reply to this comment    26 August 1998, 22:15 GMT

Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
S.T.L.

"Getting weird?" Hah, I've just started. :-D I see that this article was pretty popular, 20 comments (not counting mine) in such a short time. I'm thinking of writing another. :-P
Anyways, the TI-92 has a 10Mhz processor, and no fans. A 20Mhz processor could be made small, yet not torch the calc's case. Lots of *sigh* programs (I will NOT say the g-word again, everyone seems to think only about the g-word), can fit in 3MB. *Without* (say) the bloat of MS Office. And PDAs will never become cheap computers. They are too limited in their basic concept.

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 02:54 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Bryan Rabeler
(Web Page)

I hope the purpose of you writing articles isn't to get popular or to see if the article gets popular or not.

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 03:10 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
S.T.L.
(Web Page)

Actually, no. Popularity online, if there is such a thing, doesn't matter to me. I have an entirely fake persona online, and I couldn't care how popular Robert Smith, STL137 is. *chuckle* Heck, I don't care about popularity in the "real world". But it DOES feel good to know people read what I rant about. Sort of like when the little counter on my... aw, nuts, I don't want to violate their guidelines. But when I wrote my.... *ahem*... I didn't want the counter to shoot to a million. I just wanted to rant, and perhaps be informative while doing it. The counter was a bonus, for me. :-D (And the link isn't mine, it's to Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.)

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 07:37 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
S.T.L.

Noticed something. Before I mentioned that the ARTICLE was popular. I don't care about me.

Reply to this comment    28 August 1998, 08:20 GMT

Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Lord_Xerox

There are NO heatsinks or fans on any processors under 33 mhz. Even my old 66 didn't have a heatsink or a fan.

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 03:37 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Nicholas Clark

Bah Hooie!! My old old 286 6mhz has a small board of heatsinks built in under the female chip socket! and are you telling me your 66mhz computer doesn't have a fan? what do you think make the whirring noise? not your hard drives...

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 04:15 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Lord_Xerox

I built my 66 so I know what I put into the computer. NO heatsink OR fan! And a 66mhz intel processor. NO heat related problems.

So shove it :P

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 18:07 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Rayinr

You forget that the 286 was manufactured on a 4 or 5 micron while the 486 66MHz was at 1 micron. Obviously the smaller chip runs cooler. My 33 does not have a heatsink. But you should see the heatsink a PIIs. They are the twice the size of 92s.

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 19:06 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Lord_xerox

That is not true. A 4 or 5 micron chip will run cooler because there are less transitors in a certain amount of space, where has in a 1 micron chip there would be 4 or 5x the transitors. More transitors=more heat. This is why the PII have such an outlandishy large heatsink. They are made in a .35 micron CMOS with 8 million transitors. And a 6x86 is made in a .6 micron CMOS. Simple physics, more objects in a smaller are generate a greater volume of heat in the area.

Reply to this comment    28 August 1998, 16:53 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Paul DeLeeuw

It seems to me that smaller objects means less friction between transistors. Also, a 1 micron transistor is going to take less power to function than a 4 or 5 micron. And the Dechutes core (The actuall processing unit) of the PII runs on extremely low power - about the same as my old 486 33MHz. The heatsink is for the electronics needed to access the onboard L2 cache - Memory is the power hog and heat creator here.

Reply to this comment    28 August 1998, 18:04 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Lord_Xerox

If memory is the real heat creator then explain to me why a 128 meg 168 DIMM dosen't need a fan or heat sink. Or why a 1 meg COAST(cache on a stick) dosen't have a heat sink or fan. One mistake in previous is the 6x86 cyrix uses a .35 micron CMOS, I was think about the PPro .6 microm BICMOS. The heat sinks the 286 guy is talking about are for the voltage regulators, The processors where 5v single voltage chips. The power reg's get really hot(I have the scar to prove it[don't ask]). Power has nothing to do with heat, heat is created with RESISTENCE(the magic word). Run a 6 volt current through a 10 gauge peice of wire, then feel the wire(not even near hot). The run the same current through a 36 gauge peice of wire, look at the wire sometimes it glows and melts, others it just gets really hot. This is how electric heaters work RESISTANCE. The smaller the electric pathway the more resitance, more resistence = more heat. So the smaller the transitor and the more transitors there are the more heat generated.

John
IBM

Reply to this comment    28 August 1998, 20:12 GMT


Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
S.T.L.

Geeez this post will be skinny.
Anyways, memory generates little heat. It's mostly capacitors. Processors generate heat like mad. The newer the processor, the more heat. (By the way, there is no friction involved.) It's because more transistors are packed into nearly the same area. I predict that if a fan for an Intel Merced ever fails, then POOF, there goes your computer, in a bright flaming bonfire.

Reply to this comment    29 August 1998, 06:38 GMT


Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Chris Fazio

Don't be so skeptical! Look what technology has done with computers since they first came out decades ago! How do you know that TI will never make low-end computers? You never know what kind of technology will be availablr in the near future. I'm sure many people agree with me.

Reply to this comment    1 July 1999, 02:07 GMT

Palm-sized computers are the future
PG

Sorry but I'm going to have to diasagree with your opinion about PDA's. Palmpilot wannabe's are the future of computing. Imagine a Palmpilot running a Windows 95-like interface with an active-matrix color screen and a little antenna that pops out of the top and connects digitally to the internet. The Palmpilot already has tons of programmers programming games and everything including calculator software for it and some release their stuff for free. All you need is the hardware and and OS and the programmers can do the rest. You don't need to have a calculator with PDA functions, you just make the PDA into a calc with a program. On another note, I think TI calc's will eventually have color screens. Casio already tried a color calc (But it sucks). TI will say that color will make graphing easier. I bet when I have kids of my own in high school, they will show me their color games on TI calcs.

Reply to this comment    27 August 1998, 05:10 GMT

Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Master Nick
(Web Page)

I agree. Ti should make 'little computers'. I know I would buy one. I think it would need a keyboard port and stuff like that, but one feature I think would be very useful would be internet access. This doesn't seem very likely, but I am currently writting a program for the Ti-85 in usgard which will inturpret HTML tags. I have also seen Telnet83 which connects an 83 to a telnet server. I think it would be very easy for ti to do and very cheap too. However, I agree that it would get them banned from tests, so they should probably make another series (instead of the ti calc series, the ti mini computer series) so then it couldn't ban all ti's. Another feature which would be essential for the success of these 'little computers' would be upgradability. It would need to allow the user upgrade the hardware. Such as put in a faster modem or add comunications ports and such.

Reply to this comment    29 August 1998, 04:05 GMT

Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
XaVIëR
(Web Page)

Yo STL:
I think your article had plenty of great points, and I commend your ability to draw so much response from the TiCalc readers.
I would love to have a calculator that could be considered a PC. (Pocket Computer *hehe*)
I really don't like the idea of "chat rooms" unless TI (or some electronics zealot) implements the use of infrared technology, by which someone would have to get a calc that would act as a continuing server. Of course, someone could do that on an HP...
I also agree with your critics; the main market is schools. They disallow the TI-92 and TI-92+ because of the QWERTY keyboard, which classifies as a COMPUTER. If the TI Calcs are considered such, then they will likewise be banned.
But I think, all in all, you have a very intriguing article, and your ideas are valid. Good goin, dude.
XaVIëR

PS: If the calcs do get multiple ports, how about an AC adaptor? The way I program, I go through a set of AAA's every month. hehehe.
Then, let's try for a Xeon, and possibly a 24-bit TrueColour .28 dot pitch screen?

Reply to this comment    29 August 1998, 19:39 GMT

Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
S.T.L.
(Web Page)

Yo Xavier,
I like your style. :-D That's one way to get me on my good side - compliments. Hehehe.
<<I think your article had plenty of great points>>
Yah!!
<<and I commend your ability to draw so much response from the TiCalc readers. >>
It's a virtue. Same thing happened with my article #2. Now, for #3... *grin*
<<I really don't like the idea of "chat rooms" unless TI (or some electronics zealot) implements the use of infrared technology, by which someone would have to get a calc that would act as a continuing server. Of course, someone could do that on an HP... >>
Neither do it, and the logistics are, *ahem* nasty. Of course, there was this REALLY nifty idea I had a while back: the 3-way link port. But very hard electrical-wise and driver-wise.
<<I also agree with your critics; the main market is schools. They disallow the TI-92 and TI-92+ because of the QWERTY keyboard, which classifies as a COMPUTER. If the TI Calcs are considered such, then they will likewise be banned. >>
Actually, the SATs and ACTs ban them. I suppose schools might too, but my school is cool with a TI-92. Of course, no one NEEDS a TI-92+ on the SAT. I myself, with a TI-85 with 1000 bytes of memory free (I was jammed with a fat periodic table that I didn't use), got a 1600 the end of my sophmore year. So a TI-92+ is overkill.
<<But I think, all in all, you have a very intriguing article, and your ideas are valid. Good goin, dude. >>
You're a good man, Xavier! :-D
Nifty.

PS: If the calcs do get multiple ports, how about an AC adaptor? The way I program, I go through a set of AAA's every month. hehehe.
Then, let's try for a Xeon, and possibly a 24-bit TrueColour .28 dot pitch screen?

Reply to this comment    30 August 1998, 09:48 GMT

Re: Re: Article: "Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators"
Filja Maddok

>PS: If the calcs do get multiple ports, how >about an AC adaptor? The way I program, I go >through a set of AAA's every month.
Have you tried rechargable batteries?

Reply to this comment    12 April 1999, 00:56 GMT


Re: Re: Article: Cheap Computing, The Future of TI Calculators
Will Brown  Account Info

Everybody is saying you would need infrared to connect calcs for a chat thing. bluetooth, anyone?

Reply to this comment    1 February 2005, 16:07 GMT

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