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[variable] [typecode]
...
[variable] [typecode]

END

When accessing variables, tack the code onto the end of the variable, like in QBasic. For example, a one byte temporary variable would be accessed as variable1.
 

Typecode Chart

1	One byte temporary storage, is constant through program length, but is then erased
2	Two bytes of temporary storage
!	One byte, permenant, stored in the program, if you exit with this equal to 20, next time your program is started, it will still be 20.
@	Two bytes, permenant, stored in the program
$	String variable, must also have the SIZE of the string after the $. Permenant.
#	Header variable, such as K_UP. See below for more information.

If you haven't programmed before, some of these locations still may be of interest to you. A listing of most of the variables available is in the Other Variables Available file.

As for defined values, such as K_UP, K_DOWN, et cetera, you can access these by adding the header '#' onto them. For example:

IF keypressed1 == K_UP# goto pressedup

ASM

Marks a block of inline ASM code. End the block with the 'END' statement.

Example:

ASM
ld    a, (num)
and %11100011
END

BREAKON

A powerful feature only in Usul - enables ON+F1 break support. This will exit the current program and return to Usgard. The only ill effects of this is your program may then have a bad check-sum (but hey, it crashed your calculator anyway!).

See Also:

BREAKOFF

BREAKOFF

Turns off break control - IT IS VITAL THAT YOU DO THIS BEFORE EXITING, and that you do NOT disable break control if you don't have it on! It will not result in a crash, but may unload TSRs you don't want to unload. Note, Break Support starts OFF, so don't call this unless you have already done a BREAKON.

See Also:

BREAKON

CLEARLCD

Clears the display.

Example:

CLEARLCD

DEC [variable]

Decrements (subtracts 1) [variable]. Only works for 1 byte variables currently, either '1' or '!'.

Example:

DEC lives1

See Also:

INC

DELAY (time)

Delays the selected amount, in approximately 20ths of a second.

END

Will stop program execution or return from a GOSUB block.

Example:

END

See Also:

GOSUB

GETKEY [variable]

Reads a keypress from the buffer. Returned as a SCANCODE, see SCANCODE.TXT for more information. Stores the keypress into [variable], which must be a 1 byte variable, either '1' or '!'. DOES NOT WAIT FOR KEYPRESS, returns 0 if no key was pressed.

Example:

GETKEY kpress1
IF kpress1 != 0 goto keypressed

See Also:

WAITKEY
PAUSE

GOSUB [label name]

Jumps to specified label, and when a END is reached, returns to this spot.

Example:

GOSUB procedure

See Also:

END
GOTO

GOTO [label name]

Goes to the specified location.

Example:

GOTO label

See Also:

GOSUB

IF [value] [operation] [value] [goto / gosub] [label]

The if statement compares two values, which may be immediate values (ie: 23) or variables (ie: input1). Operations can be '==' for equal, '!=' for not equal, '>' for greater than, and '<' for less than. Then, enter GOTO or GOSUB to determine whether the procedure will GOTO or GOSUB to an area, whose name is [label]. This will also soon allow a else parameter as well.

Examples:

IF score2 > highscore@ goto getname
IF score1 > 10 goto morethan10
IF score1 == 10 goto equals10
IF score1 < 69 gosub less69

INC [variable]

Increments (adds 1) [variable]. Only works for 1 byte variables currently, either '1' or '!'.

Example:

INC score1

See Also:

DEC

INPUT [string] [length] [cursor] (goto/gosub) (label)

Inputs text to a string variable ($), with a maximum length of that specified. CURSOR is either UPPER, LOWER, or NUM - and sets the default input type (the user can change by hitting alpha). You can optionally set where to GOTO or GOSUB if the EXIT key is pressed with the last two parameters.

Example:

INPUT name$ 5 UPPER
INPUT name$ 5 UPPER GOTO NOINPUT

See Also:

TEXT_PRINT
MENU_PRINT
VAL

LABEL [label name]

Creates a label for GOTOing or GOSUBing. This does not take any space in a program, so you could label every line of your program if you really wanted to.

Example:

LABEL mylabel

See Also:

GOSUB
GOTO

LET [variable] [variable / immediate value]

Sets the value of variable to either another variable's value or an immediate value (such as, say, 69).

Examples:

LET score1 0
LET highscore! score1

MENU [text to print] [where to jump] (text) (jump) (text) (jump) (text) (jump) (text) (jump)

Exactly like a normal TI menu, lets you specify up to 5 commands and descriptions for them. If you don't want anything to be displayed, or to have a key not jump anywhere, specify NIL for the value. If you don't want to use the last three though, you can just not specify those parameters at all. If at least one value does not have a place to jump to, you will get an endless loop on your calculator.

Examples:

MENU "Continue" continue "Exit" quit
MENU "Continue" continue nil secret "Exit" quit

MENU_INV [text/variable] (x position) (y position)

Exactly like MENU_PRINT, except it's printed WHITE on BLACK. It is vital to this procedure that MENU_XOR is set, otherwise it will look wrong.

Example:

MENU_INV "Hello, I'm naked!"
MENU_INV "Hello, I'm naked!" 0 0

See Also:

MENU_PRINT
MENU_XOR

MENU_OVR

Sets menu text to overwrite whatever you display it over (usually looks the best).

Example:

MENU_OVR

See Also:

MENU_PRINT
MENU_XOR

MENU_PRINT [text/variable] (x position) (y position)

Text must be contained in quotation marks, otherwise it is assumed to be a variable. Also, if you wish, specify the X and Y position for the text to be displayed at. Menu text coordinates are what PIXEL to display the text at, starting from the upper left of the screen.

Examples:

MENU_PRINT "Hello, I'm naked!"
MENU_PRINT "Hello, I'm naked!" 0 0
 
See Also:
MENU_XOR
MENU_OVR
TEXT_PRINT

MENU_XOR

Sets any menu text to XOR onto the screen

Example:

MENU_XOR

See Also:

MENU_OVR
MENU_PRINT

PAUSE

Pauses your program until a key is pressed.

Example:

PAUSE

See Also:

WAITKEY
GETKEY

RANDOM [variable]

Stores a random number into [variable]. Any type variable is allowed.

Examples:

RANDOM counter1
RANDOM deadguy@

SPRITENASR [sprite] [x-position, leftmost = 0] [y-position, bottom of screen = 0]

Draws a NASR formatted sprite. NASR sprites are slower than PutSprite sprites, but can be of larger size. Sprite definitions must be contained in (filename).SPR.

Example:

SPRITENASR character 10 10

See Also:

SPRITEPUT

SPRITEPUT [sprite] [x-position, leftmost = 0] [y-position, uppermost = 0]

Draws a PutSprite formatted sprite. PutSprite is faster than NASR but is of limited size. Sprite definitions must be contained in (filename).SPR.

Example:

SPRITEPUT character 10 10

See Also:

SPRITENASR

SCROLL_ON

Screen display will scroll when you print normal text on the 7th line.

See Also:

SCROLL_OFF
TEXT_PRINT

SCROLL_OFF

Screen display will NOT scroll when you print normal text on the 7th line.

See Also:

SCROLL_ON
TEXT_PRINT

TEXT_INV

Text is displayed inverted (WHITE on BLACK)

Example:

TEXT_INV

See Also:

TEXT_NRM
TEXT_PRINT

TEXT_NRM

Text is displayed normally (BLACK on WHITE)

Example:

TEXT_NRM

See Also:

TEXT_INV
TEXT_PRINT

TEXT_PRINT [text/variable] (x position) (y position)

Text must be contained in quotation marks, otherwise it is assumed to be a variable. Also, if you wish, specify the X and Y position for the text to be displayed at. Standard text is baised on lines, the screen is 7x21 lines.

Examples:

TEXT_PRINT "Hello, I'm naked!"
TEXT_PRINT "Hello, I'm naked!" 0 0
 
See Also:
TEXT_NRM
TEXT_INV
SCROLL_OFF
SCROLL_ON

VAL [string variable] [numerical variable]

Converts the string specified into a number. This works with any type of number variable, one or two bytes. If you try to store a number over 255 into one byte, you will get some crazy values, but program execution will not falter and you will not experience any ill effects. The string variable is left unaltered.

Example:

VAL mystring$ mynumber@

WAITKEY [variable]

Reads a keypress from the buffer or waits for one if none has been pressed since last check. Stores the keypress into [variable], which must be a 1 byte variable, either '1' or '!'.

Example:

WAITKEY kpress1

See Also:

GETKEY
PAUSE

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Copyright © 1996, 1997 Jim Reardon